Risk Assessment of Inhalation Exposure to Formaldehyde (FA) in Chicken Wings at Makro Cambodia and Derm Kor Market of Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Abstract

Formaldehyde (FA) contamination of chicken wings at the Makro Cambodia and Derm Kor markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, was assessed for potential health concerns to the local community through chicken wing consumption. This study evaluates the exposure of the Phnom Penh population of Cambodia to FA through the consumption of chicken wings by spectrophotometric method. FA content was between 0.757 ± 0.090 and 1.260 ± 0.090 mg/Kg. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values ranged from 4.1.128 × 10-3 to 4.246 × 10-3 mg/Kg BW/day, which was also lower than the maximum daily reference dose (RfD) of 0.15 and 0.2 mg/Kg BW/day for FA established by the WHO and the United States EPA, respectively. The risk assessment from the study indicated that the THQ and HRI computed for all the species were far below 1, which means children, adolescents, and adults are within the safe interval. However, it also indicates that chicken wing samples collected from Makro Cambodia and Derm Kor Market were still safe for human consumption.